Firearm



J. D. PED'ERSEN.

FIHEARM. A APPLICATION FILED1 OCT. 22. 1919.

1,355,423., Patented Get. 112, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

y C2 y me, 6

d2 a/5f@ iDeal/wwwa.

J. D. PEDERVSEN.

HREARM. APPLICATION FILEDfOCT. 22, 19'19.

L5F5,423 Patented 001;. 12,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ILM

fw me fam' JOHN DPEDERSEN, OE'JACKSON, WYOMING.

Speoicatidn" of L etterslatent. Patented @43113. 12, 1192@ Application led October 22,1919. Serial No. 332,393.

T all whom t may 'concern Be it known that l', JOHN citizen of the United States, residing in Jackson, in the county of of Lincoln and State of Wyoming, have invented certain D. PEDnRsEN, a

new and useful limprovements inFirearms,

. throughout the length thereof. Further obof which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that y class of firearms in which the barrel is without 1ongitudinal movement relative to the frame,

but is detachably united thereto, and relates more especially to 'small-arms in which the sliding bolt-carrier or breech block lthereof is arranged for being locked in retracted or open position by means of a slide-lock actuatable into a slide-engaging position by a spring-actuated magazinefollower.

My present improvements arevespecially applicable to those kinds of small-arms which are provided with magazines having spring-actuated followers, or cartridgefeeders, and particularly'td that class of these small-arms which are commonly known as auto-loading pistols.

lin a copending allowed application Serial No. 209,485, filed December 29, 1917, l have described an improvement as applied to an in working position; also,.to accomplish this result by a combination of devices which Ishall require only a single bore in, 0r,-

through, the frame of the firearm, .and which, preferably, shall permit this bore to be cylindrical and of a uniform size jects and advantages are hereinafter pointed out and explained.

l ln the accompanying drawing 'forming a part of this specitication, my presentimprovements are illustrated as applied to an auto-loading pistol of which only the upper portion is shown, but suflicient for illustratf ing the arrangement and modeof operation of the features and deviceshereinafter described. l

Figure lis a side view or elevation of the'upper portion of anautoloading pistol v auto-loading pistol, whereby the barrel is detachablyl united with the frame by means of a transverse bar or cross-shaft,- which in addition to directly uniting the barrel to the frame, is also directly coactive with the breech-slide for holding in place and releasingthis barrel-holding bar; and, whereby such a cross-bar,-having the form of a shaft,-is 'combped with a slideslock' or stop-arm member hich may be continuously subjected to a trictional regulation or control by a force derived and transmitted from the breech-'slide-actuating spring. My

present invention is in the nature of an improvement on the mechanism illustratedin said prior application.

ltprincipal object of the, present inven.

tion is to furnish 'an improved mechanism or device of the class specied, in which a -barrel-and-frame-uniting cross-bar shall be y said. members thereof shall be removable from the firearm while the other one remains having my present improvements applied thereto in a preferred form and arrangement thereof; in this view the bolt-carrier,-or breech-slide, S, is shown in its forward or firing position, on the frame Fig. 2 is a side elevation similar to and drawnA in alinement' with and below Fig. l,

but showing the breech-slide retracted' to about the usual loading position in this view the slide S is shown locked in its retracted position by the slide-stop arm al, as hereinafter more fully explained.

' Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section for illustratin-g the arrangement of the 'shaft-form cross-bar, C, whereby the barrel and frame are detachably united.`

Fig. 4 is a partial plan view drawn on an enlarged scale and' with some portions Fig. 3, for illustrating said barrel-,and-

frame-connecting cross-bar, C, in a side view thereof; this view is drawn on a scale corresponding to Fig. 4.

rlthe detail views Figs. 6, 7 and 8,. are respectively, a plan view, side view and an end view ofthe form of rotatable cross-bar, or shaft, shownin Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive.

broken vaway or shown in section, for illusitl@ The detail views Figs. 9 and l0, are respectively, a

lan view, (as in Fig. 4c), and

a side vlew, as in Figs. l, 2), of the slidelock member, or lever d; and, F l1 is a cross-sectional view in line X11 of Flg. 10.

Figs. 12 and 13 are fragmentary side views, (the latter.corresponding to a midlportion of Fig. 1), for illustrating certain features of the operation of the mechanism, as hereinafter described.

Fig. 14 is a sectional plan view, similar to a portion of Fig. 4, for illustrating a modification as regards the detail construction o f the cross-shaft and slide-lock mem-i lock member as seen from below in Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a side elevation and Fig. 16a is a sectional plan view (similar to Fig. 14), for illustrating a further modification as regards the coactive relations of the members C and d.

Fig. 17 is a sectional view (similar to Fig. 5) taken about in line X17 of Fig. 16, for

further illustrating the modified construction shown in Figs. 16 and 16agand, Fig. 17*l is a side view (as in Fig. 16) of the form of slide-lock member shown in Figs. 1C. 16a, and 17.

Fig. 18 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 1?', but showing certain details more fully in section, and showing a construction in which the slide-lock member is not adapted for turning the cross-shaft member; and, Fig. 18=l is a side view of said slide-lock member of Fig. 18, as seen from the righthand in said Fig. 18.

Fig. 19 is a sectional plan view (resemf bling a portion of Fig. 4) for illustrating ay further modification as to certain features of the firearm mechanism, Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional View thereof, (corresponding in part with Fig. 5) and, Fig. 2Oa is a side view of the slide-lock device of Fig. 19 as seen from below in Fig. 19 and from the right-hand in said Fig. 20.

Fig. 21 is a fragmentary side view, and Fig. 22 a sectional plan view, (on a larger scale and analogous to Figs. 4, 14, and 19.), for illustrating a further modification of the mechanism which is hereinafter more fully explained; Fig. 22a is a detail view,-in

- side elevation,-of,the formof slide-lock device shown in Figs. 21 and 22, and is shown p as if seen from below in Fig. 22.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the views.

In the drawing, F 1s the upper portion of .the frame or receiver of an auto-loading pistol of the class to which my present invention is applicable. This frame-member in practice, may be made of any suitable design and proportions, and the particular design, F, shown herein, has been selected various other such frames which are already well-known in this art.

The bolt-carrying breech-slide,-desig nated in a general way by S,-is shown slidably mounted on the frame F in a wellknown manner by means of the usual kind of interengaging ribs and grooves; these are lclearly shown in the sectional view, Fig. 5, and being already common in the art, do not require a particular description. The slide is retractable on the frame,-as usual in this class of iirearms,-through a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position, and it is provided with a lock-face on the side thereof which is adjacent to a slide-locking stoparm, as hereinafter more fully explained.

The forward portion of the slide S, (at the left-hand in Figs. 1 and 2), is shown formed with an interior barrel chamber, 3, and 'as having in section, (Fig. 5), a customary inverted U-shape, so that the slide, at the section indicated, may be said to have,m to be made up of,-a top-wall, as 3b, (usually curved about as shown), and the two depending side-walls, 3, 3', which extend downwardly to a position somewhat lower than the bore of the barrel. In each of these side-walls, in this instance, there is formed a recess or gate-way, for a purpose hereinafter explained; in the wall 3, the recess is designated by 2, and the one in wall 3', (Fig. 12), by 2. Also, 'the slide may be said to be provided on one side-wall thereof, as 3C, with a lock-face 31" while the oppositevside-wall thereof, 30, has therein said recess 2', 'in position for acting as a shaft-releasing means.

The barrel is designated in a general way Yby B, and is shown inclosed within the slidechamber 3a, (Figs. 3, 4, 5), excepting that the forward end, 2a, (shown in Fig. 2, shortened by the breaking away of a portion), is shown slidably supported in a well-known manner in a ring or bearing, 3d, which is removably fixed in the Jforward end of said slide member, so that said end-portion 2a may be said to extend outwardly, in a forward direction, from said chamber 3a; this featureY of the barrel-mounting is also illustrated in my aforesaid prior application. The temporary removal of said ring 3d, also facilitates the preliminary assembling of the slide and barrel, as will bey readily understood. Theprear end, 2b, of the barrel B is shown enlarged to nearlyfill, transversely, said chamber 3, and thus also to form at 2C, a shoulder, between which and said bearing 3d, rthe slide-actuatingspring, N, is held under suitable compression.

In the system' as thus/ far described, or organizing the three principal members of' an auto-loadingpistol, it is contemplated that,-for the purposes of my present improvements,-the barrel at the rearward end thereof will be supported and releasably retained in position by an interlock-connection 'directly with the frame. It is also desirable, obviously, so to unite the barrel and frame that the rearward end of the barrel can have no movement-nor any material amount of play,-transversely of the frame either laterally or vertically.`

.When the slide S has the usual upper wall (as indicated for instance, at 3", Fig. 3;), o course, the barrel B will be covered or housed in by said slide-wall. However, the rear end 2b of the barrel, is preferably so reduced in size relativeto said chamber space within the slide, as not to actually bear against the inner surface of said slidewall,-thus avoiding the possibility of any undue friction as between the barrel and the moving slide. `When said parts are thus arranged and properly fitted, a slight space will be formed between the slide-walls and barrel-end 2b, asy indicated at 3e, (Figs. 3

` and 5), where,-in accordance with ancony made circular in section,so that it may be` ventional practice,-the very small amount of space actually or normally required `is shown somewhat 'enlarged to secure clearn'ess of illustration.

Forreleasably and directly connecting thel barrel with the frame, these members are provided with interengaging portions' of the nature of an interlock device. Accordn ing-ly, as one suitable form thereof, the frame F is herein shown having formed therein the reces-s a3, (see Figs. 3 and 5), and the barrel y.B is shown provided Vnear the rearward end thereof with a downward extension b', which in practice may have any convenient form suitable for the articular size and shape of said recess. aid depending portion of the barrel should, of course, be iitted rather closely between the side walls of said recess so that the rearward end of the barrel will be held in place Vwith a properA degree 'of rigidity.

When the barrel is put in place on the frame, these twomembers are then strongly but releasably united by means of a trans vverse bar, as C, which is 'of the nature of a cross-shaft, and for the present purposes is turned in its seats, as at, at", in the frame. lThe transverse member C, being thus seated in the frame and passing throughsaid barrel projection, is thereby adapted for directly Itaking the recoil force of the barrel after the manner of a beam which is supported at each end thereof and has a heavy v pressure applied theretoabout mid-way of its length and in a directionV transverse thereto. Said shaft-seats a, at', together .form a single shaft seat which is located transversely of the firearm,- and which eX- `tends through thev frame and is herein shown positioned partly above and partly slide-wall.

side walls of the slide. Said lower edge portions of the walls 3, 3'., therefore, in this instance, have inner surfaces, or faces, constituting one form. of bar-retaining or retaining means,-appurtenant to the slide, and which are arranged for separately and releasably retaining in working position said shaft andstop-arm, and for permitting each. to be disassembled from the rearm independently of the other.

below the plane-of the lower edges of said 'i Said shaft member C, in order that it may l have a full support upen the frame, is

shown in the drawing (Figs. 4, 5, 14C, 16) as vextending through the frame-bearing at,

and barrel-projection or lug B., and part of the way through the frame-bearing at. This arrangement provides for the inner end of the arm-hub Z4 'to be supported or journaled in the outer portion of said bearing at, so that the varm d is or may be 'adapted to be journaled in that end of saidshaft-seat which is on the same side of the T he slide-lock, or stop-arm, is designated i vin a general way by d; it has a lock-endgas 4f?,- Fig., 10V-which is a lock-face-engaging device, and is in position for coacting with the lock-face 3k of the slide S,`when the latter member is in one retracted position. When the arm ai is provided with a hub, as d4, this may beheld properly in place as shown in Fig. 5 where the hub is shown reduced on its upper side to form the. faces @Z6 and als so that this face, da, will' engage or bev coactive with the innerface 3h, this being a shaft-retaining means .appurtenant to the slide wall 3; the surface als should, lof course, bemadel lewenough to suflicientlyclear the lower edge, 3f, of said Similarly, the outer end c5 of the shaft C is shown reduced'to form the two faces c2 and c, of which the latter one is an,out wardly-facing ytransverse face that engages or coacts with the inner surface, 3'of the ico necessary amount of rotative movement.

Thus the two members and d are herein shown normally but separately retainedin place,-eXcept in Figs. 16,17,-each by'ak opposite side' 'of the frame.

l(On accoof the described arrangement of the me r C,it will be evident from the drawing that as regards the sustaining,

similar means, but located, respectively,- on

of the forces transversely-applied thereto,

said cross-shaft does not have imparted.

thereto any turning movement or tendency to rotate, and does not have in the assembled mechanism the function of a pivot in relation to any of the members, since the barrel alone is separably supported thereon, and since the barrel has no turning or other movement with relation to the cross-bar or to the frame during the operation of the slide.

The cross-shaft C is herein shown provided with an enlarged end, or head-portion, as c4, the inner face c7 of which comes against the surface of the frame F, thereby holding the shaft against longitudinal movement in one direction. Outward movement is similarly prevented by the aforesaid transverse surface c of the shaft engaging the inner surface 3h' ofthe slidewall 8c, thus the cross-shaft is provided with the two oppositely-disposed movement-limiting surfaces, as c6 and c?, for releasably holding the shaft in working position relative to the frame and breech-slide, and for preventing a shaft-withdrawal movement, excepting when the shaft-releasing recess is brought into position therefor.

Cnaccount of the usual mode of taking thelpistol in hand, it will usually be desirable to locate the cross-shaft with the head c* thereof at the right-hand side of the pistol frame and this, it will be understood, is the arrangement herein illustrated. However, it will be evident that said arrangement may be reversed, if desired or should occasion require, so as to bring the head of the cross-bar at the right-hand side of the frame; in this case, of course, the arm d would be located on the right-hand side,but this reversed arrangement is not herein shown.

In order to provide for the inserting and withdrawing of said cross-shaft C when constructed and positioned as herein explained, one of the side-walls of the slide, f

(in this instance, the right-hand wall 3"), has a recess, as 2', (Fig. 12), in such a position therein that when the slide is at some convenient point between the ends .of its travel, or working stroke, this recess will come into alinement with said cross-shaft Seat a4, of the frame, andthereby permit said -shaft to be pushed out through said recess as through a door or gate-way therefor. Thus the shaft-holding face of said side-wall 3', may be said to have the continuity thereof interrupted at a position for permitting the withdrawal of the body of the cross-shaft C outwardly from said shaftseat when the slide is in one position thereof.

In practice,-the gate-way spaces, 2 and 2',' should be so located as not to be in `alinement with the cross-shaft when the slide S is beingheld in a fully retracted position (Fig. 2), and so that the user, when desirin to take out the cross-shaft, will be required to draw back the slide for only a short distance. This arrangement,-as shown in Figs. l and 2,-also has the advantage that in the normal operation of the firearm, said gate-way recesses 2 and 2', will pass the cross-shaft C and arm hub d", respectively, while moving at a high velocity, thereby safeguarding the operation. A further safeguard is also secured, since the force of the spring N, and the action of the recoil, applies pressure to the cross-shaft C during the time the recess 2 is passing 4this shaft, and thus tends to hold the shaft so firmly as to prevent any longitudinal movement thereof during such a brief time-interval.

In my present improvements, as will now be evident, the cross-shaft member C does not need to be turned preliminarily to the withdrawal thereof, but when the slide, S, is moved to bring the recess or gate-way' 2 into alinement with saidmember C, (see Fig. l2), this member may then be .drawn directly outward toward the left-hand in Fig. 5; this operation frees the barrel and the frame each fromfthe other, except as to the engagement of the aforesaid depending part of the barrel within the recess or mortise of the frame. That outward movement, however, of said cross-shaft is effectually prevented at -all times during the normal operation of the firearm, because then the sliding bolt-carrier S is always moving either forwardly or rearwardly whenever said gate-way 2' is at or adjacent to said crossshaft member.

The barrel-and-frame uniting cross-shaft, as C, is coactively connected with, or .coupled to, the structurally separate slide-stop member, as stop-arm d, in a releasable manner, so that said shaft C may be turned by the swinging movement of said stop or arm,

d, while friction applied to said shaft me'mber willresist in some measure that movement of said arm d. A preferred way of effecting such coactive coupling, is by a con- VStructlon illustrated in Figs. l to 11i`nclusive. In this form of the present improvement, the shaft C is provided with an extension or stem, c5, Figs. 6-8), and this is shown of a polygonal shape,-preferably a square, a illustrated,and is fitted to closely but slidably engage with the similarly-shaped hole or socket, d5, (Figs. 9-11), of the stop-arm member d. Thus the hub portion, d4, of saidarm d lits upon said projection c5 in such a manner that the arm d may be said to constitute a`crank-arm or lever, whereby to turn said shaftC. This same form of the inter-engagement of the members C and d is also applicable to,--and is herein shown employed in,-the modified construction and .p cesses 2 and 2 may be located on the same transverse line, (not herein shown), so that with the slide S in one position, the shaft C may be first withdrawn through the recess 2', and then'the'slide-lock d be withdrawn bypassing the hub portion di thereof outwardly through the recess 2; of course, this order of withdrawal may be reversed `.when the two said recesses are located in alinement as here explained; or, the two parts C and d may neously, the oneW toward the right-hand and the' other toward the left-hand. This mode of action, however, is deemed to be objectionable in some firearms, and therefore l v.prefer the arrangement of said recesses or the slide, to bring the recess 2 inl alinement with the shaft-bearing a4", thearm-hub d4 can be drawnout of-said bearing and vthrough said recess 2.

Thus by a simple manipulation of the slide, either one of the vmembers C and d can be released and withdrawn before the other isreleased; and, by reason of the organization here described, -said cross-shaft and stop-lever members will' be removable one only at a time. Also, it 1s evident that the stop-lever is not provided with` the crossthe removal thereof from the frame; on the shaft, ,nor is this shaft itself provided -with any handle or like device whereby to aid in contrary, after thel cross-shaft is withdrawn, thefframe, slide and barrel may, be disassembled while said lever dremains assembled on the frame; thus said stop-lever isf' ir'no way involved v'in the operation of removing the cross-shaft. 1 l

Said lever ora'rmd, as .will now be evident, const itutesffwhen coupled as set `forth,---a means, or handle, whereby thel operatormay turn the sha-ft C, and wherefrom its retracted position.

by the slide S may be Ilocked'in and released Similarly as described in my said application Serial No. 209,485, the lever ful'l is herein. shown `pro'.- yided with a" slide-lock face, 4", and with the inward projection, d2, whereby this slide- Vlock member cl may be actuated upwardly by the usual spring-actuated'magazine follower, as a, (Figs. 3, 4.), and,thereby lock.

tion d2 is shown in position for engaging be withdrawn simulta- B and its depending part, or lug, b, applies -a pressure to the cross-shaft C, and thereby tends 'to restrict the freedom of rotation of neither one comprising the other, are therethe slide S in retracted position (Fig 2)` whenever thesupply of cartridges 'in the `ma azine shall become exhausted.'

his arrangement will be more clearly understood from the sectional plan view F ig. 4, in which said lever arm al, is shown provided with inward projections d2 extending through the opening at f3 of the frame. In this view the inner end of said projec-` with the upper side of the usual follower, e as n, of the ordinarymagazine, m, of the firearm. Since said follower `n is in practice actuated by a. spring, (not shown), when the follower rises upwardly to a point for engaging said inward projection d2 thereby the lever-arm Z will be spring-actuated in a direction and for the purpose of raising the lock-endor slide-engaging face 4e of-said lever-arm into contact with the lower side of the slide S, so that when the slide is drawn rearwardly to the position indicated in the side view Fig. 2, said face .llevof the lever-arm will engage Ithe rearward face 3k of the recess l2, and thus oper- 90 ate in a well-known manner as a slide-stop for holding,. or`tlocking, the slide in said retracted position.

A frictional resistance may be applied (as herein illustrated) to the stop-arm d, by transmitting thereto a resistant force derived from a suitably located spring, preferably from' the slide-actuating spring. This spring, N, acting through the barrel this shaft by the amount of the friction so produced and transmitted. When employed in connection with means for securing such a frictional resistance, said stop-arm alV and said shaft C being separate members, and

fore to be provided with some suitable cou'- pling or coacting means whereby these two members may have concurrent rotative movements about their respective axes; the extent of these movements, of course, is determined, in practice, by the required eX- tent of the swinging movement o'f the stop- `arm/d. In the' present instance, these objects are accomplished-by means of the described coupling together in a coacting manner of the members C and d.

-The mechanism illustrated in Figs. 14 120 Vand 15, corresponds with that of Eigs. 1 to of having ,the extension Cf, (see Figs. 6, 7), 125 the shaft C is here shown (Figs. 141e,l 15) provided, at the. -inner end thereof with a transverse key-way space or channehc", and the hub Z4 is provided .with an-extension,

dg,- which its closely into said space v09.9130

4Uli

Thus said hub-projection constitutes a shaft-turning actuator or means which is appurtenant to the stop-arm d, and which does not essentially modify the operation of the firearm mechanism, as a whole, nor the assembling or disassembling thereof.

In Figs. 16, 17, a further modification is illustrated, in which the shaft C extends through the frame-bearing a4 and is provided, outside of the frame, with an extension c" similar to the extension c'1 of Figs. 6, 7. The arm 0l has the hub d4 thereof fitted upon and carried by said extension 05, and cut away at 7 to allow the passage thereby of the slide-wall 3c; thus said wall does not, in this particular instance, hold said arm-hub in place. For this latter purpose, the arm Z is fitted to engage over the frame-wall f", which engages between faces S and 9 of the arm,-also against face 8, as clearly indicated in Fig. 16. For coactively engaging with the slide S, the arm d is here shown provided with the lock-face 4e, which (in this instance) is located for engaging with a projection, 3k', that is on the slide wall 3c. By reason of this feature, the aforesaid lock-spaceor recess, as 2, is or may be omitted in this modification, while retaining all the functions of the stop-arm, and providing for a removal of the shaft C while said arm remains in place on the frame. After the shaft C has been removed, the slide S may then be drawn forwardly on the frameand from over the stop-arm, whereupon this arm may be lifted upwardly out of its said engagement with the frame.

In the form and arrangement of the mechanism which is shown in Figs. 18-20, the shaft C,-while coacting with the stop-lever d,-is not turned in its seats by said leverarm d. The member C is shown held in place-by the transverse face 08 thereof engaging inside of the slide wall', and by the head c4 engaging against the outside of the frame, the same as already described in connection with Fig. 5. The larger portion of shaft C, however extends only through one side of frame and throu h the barrel-lug b', while the arm-hub 4', extends through, or nearly through the frame wall, (Fig. 19), and is bored to receive the cylindrical extension c5 of said member C. Thus the arm d is journaled by its hub d" in the frame seat a4', and this shaft-extension c5 is journaled in the bore of said arm-hub. By this means, the arm d is very effectively guided and controlled, but does not rotate the shaft C. However, the spring N and the recoil, by acting' through the barrel as explained, `naturally presses the member C forwardly and then backwardly at certain times, so that the eX- tension c5 presses the hub df', in a similar manner and thereby presses saidhub against .with Figs. 3, 4), the shaft C and arm d may be removed either one before the other, or y both together, as may be desired.

So far as shown in the principal views, Figs. 1 to 20, inclusive, that portion of the stop-arm which is designated as the lockend, is indicated as if it were formed integral. or rigidly connected with the main portion of said stop-.arm member ofthe mechanism, but it should be understood that said member may be madevof any suitable composite form in which'the lock-end is an appurtenant of or to the lever-arm. One suitable arrangement of this character is illustrated in Figs. 21, 22, 22, where the shaft C and lever-arm hub, (Z4, are shown of a similar construction as inFigs. 18 and 19, while the lock-end 4a is pivotally connected at d10 with the main lever arm d, this arm being shown extended rearwardly to form the handle portion which thus has the thumb-piece thereof brought well back toward the rearward end of the frame F. Said pivotally-connected lock-end is shown (see Fig. 22) provided with the inward extension d2 for coactively engaging with the usual magazine follower, as already de. scribed, but in this modification, said part 4a is guided in the frame-slot f3. One result of` this arrangement, evidently is to transmit the forward pressure of the slideface 3k in large part through said inward projection d2 to and against the forward face, f8, of said frame-slot, and thus relieve the arm-bearing at a4 (Fig. 22) of some of the pressure which would otherwise and normally be transmitted thereto.' The op eration of this composite form of the device is obviously the same as the operation of the integral form thereof hereinbefore de:

modify the functions or coac-V and-,barrl-uniting member. Also, when the shaft C is removed in this arrangement, the arm d, (when this arm is journaled as described in the shaft-bore, or seat), may remain in place and thus serve to hold the slide S inretracted position,-Fig. 2,-dur- 'ing the shaft-removing and shaft-replacing Operations. Thus @web of said members C '13o and d not only may remain-in working position whiley the other is removed, but the one so remaining may continue, to perform certain of its functions afterl the other said t member has been withdrawn.y However, in

some instances the arm d need not be separately journaled in the frame, (not herein shown),7and therefore would not,- in such an instance,--be operable in all respects in the same manner as in the particular arrangements herein described.

' lin the organization of the mechanism as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 14, inclusive, the )shaft C and arm d are` releasably held in ofvfaces arranged as 'ollowss one pair of coacting facesformed, respectively, on the shaft and on theside-wall which is opposite to the stop-arm and located in positions for l releasably holding' said shaft in place;v and,

another pair of coacting faces formed respectively on the stop-arm and on the sidewall'adjacent thereto, and located in positions for releasably holding said stop-arm in working position, said pairs of faces being arranged for permitting said shaft to be withdrawn from one side onl of the firearm `and said stop-arm to be withdrawn from the ,other side only of the firearm.

While the stop-arm member, as d, is carvried on the shaft C exteriorly of the frame,

the\salme in Fig. 4 as in Fig. 18, so that said stop-arm member is journaled in the frame by means of a short projecting ,portion .35 (usually designated as the hub)` which eX- tends inwardly from the arm itself and isv provided with means for coupling together the arm and shaft insuch a manner that the shaft is withdrawable from one side of the frame while the stop-arm is withdrawable from the other side of the frame; and, so

that during the operation of withdrawing either said member, the coupling -ineans is automatically uncoupled. Thuseither one of the membersfC and d may be withdrawn independently of the, other said member Whether or not the two members are providedk with such couplings.

ln lthe constructions illustrated in Figs.

5 0 1 to 15, inclusive, the two members, shaft il. and stop or leverarm d 'have appurte- A nant thereto, means for operatively coupling v together these members with a driving or shaft-turning connection when -'assembled together on theframe from opposite sides, respectively, of the frameand slide; and, as already ihdicatedgsaid members C and d are shown fitted 'together and arranged for being assembled together only Afrom oppo- 50 'site sides, respectively, of 4the frame. and

firearm, whilethe. shaft-Withdrawal is limited to that side only of the firearm, and to that side which is opposite tothe side having the lock-face .on-' theslide, .lin Figs. l7 ,tt Vand 18,.- however, salOl liaft and stop-apra their` respective-workin positions by means both shaft and stop-arm are in Working members are shown coupled together in such a manner as to provide for said arm a supportive, but vnot a shaft-turning gconnection', since the shaft-eXtension,-as C2', Fig. 4

` the stop-arm d is arranged to be assembled inthe mechanism only from the opposite side of the frame. v

'Having thus described my invention, li claim: A

1. In a Nfirearm, in combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat; a shaft supportedl in said shaft-seat, and means forl releasably holding said shaft in said shaft-seat, and for limiting the shaftwithdrawal to one side only of the firearm; a stop-arm carried onsaid shaft and on that side of the firearm which is opposite torsaid shaft-withdrawal side thereof, and said stop-arm having appurtenant thereto a lockend in position and operable for coaction with the lock-face of a slide; and, a breechslide 'retractable on the frame and provided on the side thereof adjacent to said stop-arm with a lock-face. in position for coaction with said lock-end when the `slide is`lin one retracted position.

2. ln av firearm, in combination, a frame `having transversely thereof a shaft-seat; a

shaft supported in said shaft-seat, and means for releasably holding said shaft 1n said shaft-seat, and for-limiting the shaftwithdrawal to one side only of the firearm; a stop-arm carried on said shaft and'onl that side of the firearm which isopposite to said shaft-withdrawal side thereof, and said. stop-arm having appurtenant thereto a lockend in position and operable for coaction with the lock-face o fa slide; a breech-slide retractable on the. frame and provided, on 119 the sidethereof adjacent to said stop-ar1nwith-ay lock-'face in position for coaction with said lock-endwhen the slide is in one retracted position; ,means for releasably holding said stop-arm in working position relative sto the frame and breech-slide, and arranged -for permitting said" armto be .withdrawn independently of the withdrawal of -thej shaft; and, shaft-and-armcoupling means in position and. operable for 120 releasably coupling together the stop-arm and shaft, 'and for thereby turning the shaft from the movements of the stop-arm when position. L l y vl y i 12e 3.111 a firearm of the class described, the combination with a frame anda'barrehof a i vbreech-slide retractably supported on the frame and havin depending therefrom two Side-.walls slliaby engagmg with the top t8@ portion of the frame, said slide being provided on one side-wall thereof with a lockface; and said frame having a shaft-seat transversely positioned therein atthe rearward end-portion of the barrel and below said slide; a shaft supported in said shaftseat and fitted to be Withdrawn therefrom only in a direction away from the side-wall having said lock-face; a stop-arm operably supported on the frame in position for coacting with said lock-face when the slide is retracted; and, shaft-turning means appurtenant to the stop-arm.

4. In a firearm of the class described, the combination with a frame and a barrel, of a breech-slide supported on the frame and having two side-walls slidably engaging with the top portion of the frame, said slide being provided on one lside-wall thereof with a lock-face and in the opposite sidewall with a shaft-releasing recess, and said frame having a shaft-seat transversely positioned therein at a height partly above and partly below the lower edges of said sidewalls; a shaft supported in said shaft-seat and fitted to be withdrawn therefrom only in a direction away from the side-wall having said lock-face and through said shaftreleasing recess; a stop-arm operably supported on the frame in position for coacting with said lock-face when the slide is retracted, and provided with means constituting a shaft-turning connection which is disconnected on and by the withdrawal of4 said shaft.

5. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having transverselythereof a shaft-seat; a shaft supported in said shaft-Seat, and means for releasably holding said shaft in said shaft-seat and for limiting the shaftwithdrawal to one side only of the firearm; a stop-arm carried on said shaft and on that side of the firearm which is opposite to Said shaft-withdrawal side thereof, said stop-arm having appurtenant thereto a lockend in position and operable for coaction with the lock-face of a slide; a breech-slide retractable on the frame and provided on the side thereof adjacent to said lock-end, a stop-arm with-a lock-face in position for coaction with said lock-endwhen the slide is in one retracted position; and, a pair of co-l acting faces formed respectively on the stoparm and on the slide-wall adjacent thereto, in positions for releasably holding said stoparm in working position relative to the frame and breech-slide, and arranged for permitting said. sto -arm to be withdrawn independentlyl of said shaft-withdrawal.

6. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat; a shaft supported in said shaft-seat, and havi, ,gfineans for releasably'coupling said shaft Vith a stop-arm; a stop-arm formed separately from and carried on Said shaft exteriorly of the frame, and having a lockend in position and operable for coaction with the lock-face of a slide; and, a breechslide retractable on the frame through a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position and provided on the side thereof adjacent to said stop-arm with a lock-face in position for coaction with said lock-end when the slide is in one retracted position, and provided on the side thereof opposite to said lock-face with means for releasably holding said shaft in said shaft-seat.

7. In a firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a breech-slide retractably supported on the frame and having on one side thereof a lock-face, the frame and the rearward end of the barrel having interlock portions provided transversely with alined seats which together form a shaft-seat extending through the frame; a cross-shaft having the body portion thereof 4disposed in said shaft-seat and removable therefrom only in a direction away from said lock-face; means appurtenant to said slide for releasably retaining the cross-shaft in said shaft-seat; and, a stop-arm coactive with said lock-face and with said shaft, and journaled in the firearm at that end of said shaft-seat which is opposite to the shaftwithdrawal side of the frame;

8. Ina firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel` of a breech-slide retractably supported on the frame and having Aon one side thereof a lock-face, the frame and the rearward end of the barrel having interlock portions provided transversely ywith alined seats which together form a frame and with a barrel, of a breech-slide' retractably supported on the frame and having on one side thereof a depending sidewall provided with a shaft-retaining face, and having on the other side thereof a lockface, and the frame and the rearward end of the barrel having interlock portions provided transversely with alined cross-shaft seats which together extend through the frame and are positioned in the frame at a height partly above and partly below the plane of thelower edges of said shaft-retaining face; a cross-shaft having the body neta-aas' portion" thereof rotatably. disposed in said alined seats of the frame and barrel and having a transverse face coactive with said shaft-retaining face, thereby normally to prevent a longitudinalwithdrawal of the j cross-shaft, said shaft-retaining face hav-A connected with said shaft, and being also. provided with a face in position for coac-,

tion with said lock-face of the slide.

l0. ln a firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a breech-slide retractably supported on the frame and having on one side thereof a depending sidewall ,provided with a shz'ift-retaining face, and having on the other side thereof a lockface, and the frame andthe rearward end of the barrel having interlock portions provided transversely with alined cross-shaft seats which together extend through the frame and are positioned in the frame at a height partly above and partly below the plane of the lower edges of said shaft-retaining face; a cross-shaft' having the body portion thereof rotatably disposed in said alined seats of the frame and barreland having a transverse face coactive with said shaft-retaining face, thereby normally to prevent a longitudinal withdrawal of the ,cross-shaft, said shaft-retaining face having the continuity thereof interrupted at a position for permitting the withdrawal of the body of the cross-shaft outwardly from said seats when the slide is in one position thereof; a stop-arm having a hub-portion journaled in said shaft-seat at the end thereof which is opposite to the slide-wall having said shaft-retaining frase, the stop-arm hav-l ing appurtenant thereto a face in position for coacting with said lock-face of the slide.; and, l'shaft-turning coupling means appurtenant to the stop-arm and said shaft.

11. ln a firearm,the combination with a ,frame and with a barrel, of a slide having on o-ne side thereof a lock-face and retract-` ably supported on the frame, said frame and barrel each having near the rearwardend of the barrel, interlock portions provided transversely with cross-shaft seats which are cylindrical` and alined; a barrel and frame uniting cross-shaft having a cylindrical body portion thereof disposed in said alined seats, and also having on said body portion thereof, a transverse bearing face; shaftretaining means appurtenant to that side of -the slide'which is .opposite to said lock-face and iiiposition and arranged for coaction with said transverse bearing face of the crossshaft to thereby liold the cross-shaft from withdrawal-'during one portion; ofthe retraction oftheslide, and fori'withdrawing from such coaction in one. position' of the slide; 'a lever-'arm' formed separate from and having -a coupling-connection with said y cross-shaft, and supportedin 4a position for being swung. into engagement with sai-dn lock-.face when the slide is inl a retrficted` position; and, a spring in position and conriction to said body nected forapplying portion of the shaft.

12.` lna firearm, the combination with a' l frame and with a barrel, of a slide having on one'side thereof a lock-face and retractably supported ony the frame, said framel and barreleach having near the rearward said alined seats,'and also having on saidbody portion thereof, a transverse bearing face; shaft-retaining means'appurtenant to that side of the slide which is opposite to said lock-face, and in position and arranged y for`coaction 4with saidftransverse faceof the cross-shaft to Athereby hold the crossshaft from withdrawal during one portion of the retraction of the slide, andfor withdrawing from such coaction in one position of the slide; a lever-armv formed separate from and carried by; said cross-shaft on that' side of the frame which is opposite to said shaft-retaining means, and. in a position-for being swung .into engagement with' said l lock-face when the slide is in a retracted position; a spring in Pposition and connected for applying a frictionalresistance to the shaft; and, coupling means appurtenant'to the shaft and lever-arm and arranged for transmitting said frictional resistance to the lever-arm.

13; In a firearm, the combination with'la 'frame having transversely therein a 'cross'- shaftseat and also provided with a maga- `zine having an actuated follower, of a bar rel supported at the rearward end thereof on the frame; a bolt-carrier slidable on the frame and on one side thereof provided with a shaft-retaining `side-wall engaging' over one side of the frame, and on the opposite side thereof having a lock-face, said cross-shaft seatV being positioned -in the frame at a height partly above and partly below the plane of the lower edge of said shaft-retaining side-wall of the slide; a-

cross-shaft having the body portion thereof` disposed 4and fitted to turn in saidl shaftseat of the frame and provided with a transverse surface in position for engagement with the. shaft-retaining side-wall thereby normally to hold the cross-shaft in working position in said shaft-seat, and said side-- wall'having therein a gate-way space in a position 4for permitting the withdrawal of the body of said shaft outwardly through said space when the slide is in one position thereof; a slide-locking arm formed sepasaid shaft-seat; a stop-arm member formed separate from and carried on said shaft exteriorly of the frame, and having a lockend in position and operable for coacting with the lock-face of a slide; a breechslide retractable on the frame through a loading stroke and provided on the side thereof adjacent to said stop-arm with a lock-face in position for coaction with said lock-end when the slide is in one retracted. position, said shaft-seat being positioned in the frame at a height partly above and partly below the lower edge of that side of the slide which is adjacent to the stop-arm and said slide being also provided on the side thereof adjacent to said stop-arm with a stop-arm-engaging face having therein a shaft-releasing recess constituting aI gateway space through which the stop-arm member may be withdrawn away from the shaft.

l5. In a firearm of the class described, the combination with a frame and a barrel, of a breech-slide supported on the frame and having two side-walls slidably engaging with the top portion of the frame,l said slide being retractable through a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position, and bee ing provided on one side-wall thereof with a lock-face, and said frame having a shaftseat transversely positioned therein at 'a height partly above and partly below the lower edges of said side-walls; a shaft supy ported in said shaft-seat and fitted tov be withdrawn therefrom only in a direction away from the side-wall having said lockface; a stop-arm operably supported on the frame in position for coacting with saidlock-face when the .slide is retracted, and fitted for having a coupling connection with said shaft when this member is in working position; one pair of coacting faces formed, respectively` on the shaft and on one of the two side-walls, and arranged for releasably holding said shaft in working position, and another pair of coacting faces formed respectively on the stop-arm and on the other of said side-walls, and arranged for releasably holding said stop-arm in working position, whereby said shaft is withdrawable from one side of the firearm and said stoparm is withdrawable from the other side of the firearm, each said withdrawal being independent of the other.

16. In a firearm, inI combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat; a shaft supported in said shaft-seat, and means for releasably holding said shaft in said shaft-seat; a stop-arm carried on said shaft and in a position exterior-ly of the frame, and having a lock-end in position and operable for coacting with the lockface of a slide; a breech-slide retractable on the frame through a loading stroke and provided on the side thereof adjacent to said stop-arm with a lock-face in position for coaction with said lock-end when the slide is in one retracted position, said shaft and stop-arm being fitted and arranged for being assembled together only from opposite sides, respectively, of the frame; and means for operatively coupling the shaft and stoparm when these members are assembled together on the frame.

17. ln a firearm of the class described, the combination with a frame, a barrel, and a breech-slide having a lock-face, of a combined barrel-and-frame-uniting cross-shaft and slide-locking stop-arm, comprising a barrel-and-frame-uniting shaft journaled in the frame and barrel and insertible and removable from one side only of the frame, and a stop-arm in position for coacting with said lock-face of the slide and larranged to be assembled from the other side only of the frame; means for releasably and separately retaining in working'position said shaft and stop-arm, and for permitting each to be disassembled from the firearm independently of the other; and, means appurtenant to the shaft and stop-arm for coupling together these members with ashaft-turning connectionl when said members are assembled together from the opposite sides, respectively, o'f the frame.

JOHN D.- PEDERSEN.

lVitnesses:

CLYDE WELCH, Marr J. KOGHEVAR. 

